Fracture Biomechanics-Forces That Act To Cause The Fracture

Bone is composed of minerals, which provide rigidity, and collagen, which provides tensile strength. When bone is subjected to an excessive stress, it will fail. There are many extrinsic factors that are important in causing the injury. These are the magnitude, duration, and direction of the force acting on the bone and the rate at which this force is applied.

A force may have a direct impact on the bone or may produce a fracture indirectly. We discuss these one by one. Read more

A List of Fracture Eponyms

Many a fractures in orthopaedics is known by their discoverers. It is common practice to use these eponyms and they are alwyas worth remembering.

I am going to put an exhaustive list of fracture eponyms. Read more

What is Arthritis

Word Arthritis is formed by arthro-, joint + -itis, inflammation. In plural this is called arthritides.

The term implies the full spectrum of diseases causing inflammation in joints. Arthritis is a major cause of disability of most of world population. Approximately 50 years ago, only a handful of causes of arthritis were identified.

Now this list has expanded to which have expanded to more than hundred causes. Despite the tremendous advances in diagnosis and treatment of patients, we still are scratching the surface. Read more

A Comprehensive Review of Fracture Terminology

Term fracture,a break in the continuity of a bone, depicts all types of disruptions, from microscopic to severely comminuted injuries. Fracture description should be concise and accurate facts must be communicated to the physician regarding the mechanism of injury, the type of fracture present, and associated soft tissue injuries. A comprehensive detail of system for describing fractures using orthopaedic terminology is described below.
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Human Spine-Anatomy of Seventh Cervical Vertebra

Third to sixth cervical vertebra are typical in anatomical structure. But as the cervical spine approaches its end, its last vertebra C7 changes in shape.

Seventh also known as the vertebra prominens because of its long spinous process, the tip of which can be felt through the skin at the lower end of the nuchal furrow. Read more

Human Spine-Anatomy of Second Cervical Vertebra or Axis

Second cervical vertebra is also knows as axis. It is identified by the presence of the dens (see below).It has following features. Read more

Human Spine-Anatomy of First Cervical Vertebra or Atlas

First cervical vertebra sits just below skull. It is called the atlas after the mythological hero that bore weight of shoulder on its shoulders. It can be identified by the following features.

• It is ring shaped. It has no body. It also has no spine. Read more

Understanding Concept of Trauma Management

Trauma care is a team based approach. The concept has evolved over time to become a subject itself. In contrast to the treatment that is initiated when the victim reaches hospital, the trauma care starts providing treatment at the time of first contact.

That contact is usually the site of injury.

Patient that sustains injury is a critical patient and can have a potential danger to his life if not attended promptly. And there is high chance of survival if they are provided with immediate care. Read more