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What is Polidocanol?

October 2, 2012 by Leave a Comment

Polidocanol is a local anaesthetic and antipruritic component of ointments and bath additives.

The substance is also used as a sclerosant, an irritant injected to treat varicose veins leading to fibrosis inside varicose veins and occlusion the lumen of the vessel.

This helps to reduce varicosity.

Polidocanol injections for the treatment of

 

  • Uncomplicated spider veins (very small varicose veins < 1 mm in diameter)
  • Uncomplicated small varicose veins (1 to 3 mm in diameter) known as reticular veins

Polidocanol works by damaging the cell lining of blood vessels, causing them to close and eventually be replaced by other types of tissue.

Recently, Polidocanol has been reported to be used in tennis elbow.

 

Source

Wikipedia
Filed Under: Definitions, N-R, Pain Management Tagged With: ,

What is Prolotherapy?

October 2, 2012 by Leave a Comment

Other Names

  • Proliferation therapy
  • Regenerative injection therapy
  • Proliferative injection therapy

What is Prolotherapy?

Prolotherapy involves injecting a generally non-pharmacological  and non-active irritant solution into the body for the purpose of strengthening weakened connective tissue and alleviating musculoskeletal pain. [Read more...]

Filed Under: Definitions, N-R, Pain Management Tagged With: , , ,

Radiolunate Angle

June 5, 2012 by Leave a Comment

Radiolunate angle  is the angle between the lateral longitudinal axis of the radius and the central axis of the lunate.

Its average value is -5°.

Radiolunate Angle

Radiolunate Angle

The angle becomes positive if the lunate is angled toward the dorsal side.

 

A change in this angle is a sign of carpal ligament damage with associated instability.

Filed Under: Anatomy, Definitions, N-R, Wrist Injuries Tagged With: ,

Pelvic Tilt

March 6, 2012 by Leave a Comment

Pelvic Tilt is defined angle between the vertical and the line through the midpoint of the sacral plate to femoral heads axis.

Pelvic tilt, sacral slope and pelvic incidence

Pelvic tilt, sacral slope and pelvic incidence

Normal average is 40°.

Overhang defined as the horizontal offset between the midpoint of the sacral plate and the femoral heads axis.

Sum of sacral slope and pelvic tilt gives pelvic incidence.

Image Credit

Filed Under: Definitions, N-R, Spine, Thoracic-Lumbar Sacral Spine Tagged With: , ,

Pelvic Incidence

March 5, 2012 by Leave a Comment

Pelvic Incidence is defined as the angle between the line joining the middle of the sacral endplate to the middle axis of the femoral heads.

The pelvic incidence is unique anatomical parameter for each individual and is independent of position or spatial orientation. Pelvic incidence is closely related to Sacral Slope and pelvic tilt [Read more...]

Filed Under: Definitions, N-R, Spine, Thoracic-Lumbar Sacral Spine Tagged With: ,

What Is A Pseudofracture?

February 14, 2012 by Leave a Comment

Pseudofracture is a radiological finding on an xray.

As its name It is an appearance similar to a fracture line but is not a fracture in true sense, hence the name. However, some consider it to be a form of insufficiency type of stress fracture.

A pseudofracture appears as a lucent area on radiographs that is oriented at right angles to the cortex and extends from the surface across the diameter of the bone. Frequently sclerosis occurs at margins between bones, and callus-like new bone is observed at the periosteal margin.

Pseudofractures are typically found in the axillary margins of the scapula, ribs, pubic rami, proximal ends of the femora and ulna. [These regions of presilection are in ptients of osteomalacia]

Pseudofractures are also called as Looser Zones. They represent deficient mineralization. [Read more...]

Filed Under: Basics, Definitions, N-R Tagged With: , , ,

Os Vesalianum

February 10, 2012 by 1 Comment

Os vesalianum pedis is an accessory bone of the foot located proximal to the fifth metatarsal and found within the peroneus brevis tendon. It is a rare occurrence [Incidence-0.1% and 0.4%]

The Os Vesalianum should be differentited in cases of fifth metatarsal avulsion fracture, ossifying apophysis of the fifth metatarsal base, Iselin’s disease, an ununited apophysis of the fifth metatarsal base and a fracture of the tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal, nonunion of a tuberosity fracture of the fifth metatarsal and an os peroneum. [Read more...]

Filed Under: Anatomy, Definitions, N-R Tagged With: , , ,

Rocker Bottom Shoe

November 28, 2011 by Leave a Comment

A rrocker bottom shoe is a shoe which has a thicker-than-normal sole with rounded heel to ensure the wearer does not have flat footing along the proximal-distal axis of the foot. Other terms for this shoe are round bottom shoes, rounded sole shoes and toning shoes.

ROCKER BOTTOM SHOE

Rocker Bottom Shoe

Uses

  • To reduce the function or replace the lost function of a joint
  • To compensate for the lost range of motion

Rocker Bottom Shoes should be worn when advised by your doctor.

Filed Under: Definitions, N-R, Traction-Aids-Appliances Tagged With:

What is Risser Sign?

May 19, 2011 by 1 Comment

Risser sign is a radiographic sign that is used to assess skeletal maturity. The sign was described by Joseph Risser in 1958. Risser observed that as the growth plate on top of the pelvis (iliac apophysis) completed growing, it changed from cartilage to bone. Normally, the apophysis is not visible on xray as it is cartilaginous in nature.

As it ossifies, the part that gets ossified is visible on xray and based on this visibility, the Risser sign is of following types [See image for correlation] [Read more...]

Filed Under: Definitions, N-R, Scoliosis, Spine Tagged With: , , , ,

Phalanges

August 16, 2010 by Leave a Comment

Phalanges are the bones that form the fingers and toes.

Phalanges are of three types

Distal phalanges

These form tips of the fingers and toes. These articulate with middle phalanges on their respective digits.

Proximal phalanges

These articulate with metacarpal heads of the hand in foot with metatarsal head.

Middle or Intermediate phalanges

These phalanges are between the distal and proximal phalanges. [Read more...]

Filed Under: Anatomy, Definitions, N-R Tagged With: , , , ,

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