Orthopedic Care and Consultation
Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Orthosis or TLSO is a device that is used for stabilizing or supporting the thoracic, lumbar and sacral area. That covers the area between collar bone and pelvis.
Boston Brace - An Example of TLSO Brace
Boston brace shown in above image is an example of TLSO brace.
Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Orthosis are used in spinal trauma and scoliosis correction.
Image Credit: http://www.plattners.com/tlso.shtml
Popularity: 2% [?]
The term scoliosis has originated from Greek word skolios which was used to denote crooked.
Scoliosis is a condition in which a person’s spine has an abnormal curvature from side to side. For definition purpose the deformity should be greater than 10 degrees.
The primary deformity in scoliosis is lateral flexion plus rotation of the involved vertebrae around a vertical axis it. Usually it is associated with truncal asymmetry.
Image Credit:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/1114.htm
In a normal individual the spine, when viewed from the rear, looks straight. However the spine of an individual with scoliosis may look more like an “S” or a “C” depending on the direction of abnormal curves.
Popularity: 2% [?]
Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE or UHMW) is a subset of the thermoplastic polyethylene that has extremely long chains, with molecular weight numbering in the millions. It is a very tough material with low coefficient of friction and has a good abrasion resistance.
It is odorless, tasteless, and nontoxic.
UHMWPE has been successfully used in in hip, knee and spine implants.
First clinical use of UHMWPE was by John Charnley in 1962 and it emerged as the dominant bearing material for total hip and knee replacements.
Highly-crosslinked UHMWPE materials were clinically introduced starting in 1998 and have become the standard of care for total hip replacements.
UHMWPE has also been used for making sutures.
Popularity: 2% [?]
Stress shielding means a reduction in the bone density as a result of removal of normal stress from the bone by an implant. For example it occurs after hip replacement when the normal bone is replaced by an implant.
This is because in a normal person the bone would remodel in response to the loads it is placed under.
When a hip is replaced as in total hip replacement, the load that was usually placed on the bone would decrease and hence would become less dense.
Popularity: 2% [?]
Image Credit: http://www.ketteringsurgical.co.uk/orthopaedics/orthotic-cervical-co/somi-brace-sternal-occipital-mandibular-immobilizer.71437.htm
The sterno-occipital-mandibular immobilizer (SOMI) cervical orthosis is a rigid cervico thoracic orthosis used for supporting the ervical spine . SOMI does not provide complete immobilization though. It is somewhere between a Philadelphia collar and a halo brace.
Structurally, it has a chest plate that goes up to the notch where the collarbones meet in the front and metal, aluminum, or plastic bars that curve over the shoulder.
Straps from the bars go over the shoulder and cross to the opposite side of the anterior plate to hold it in place.
A removable chin piece attaches to the chest plate with an optional headpiece that can be used when the chin piece is removed for eating.
The SOMI works well to control flexion of the upper cervical spine (C1-3). It does not control extension that well.
The SOMI is used to immobilize an unstable neck due to fracture or ligamentous injury or disruption.
Popularity: 10% [?]
Tarsal bones are the cluster of bones in the foot between the tibia and fibula and the metatarsus. The joint between the tibia and fibula and the tarsus is referred to as the ankle joint.
There are seven tarsal bones in the human body:
A,B,C —- represent the image marks
The talus bone or ankle bone is connected superiorly to the two bones of the lower leg, the tibia and fibula, to form the ankle joint , inferiorly, at the subtalar joint, to the calcaneus or heel bone. Together, the talus and calcaneus form the hindfoot.
The five irregular bones of the midfoot — the cuboid, navicular, and three cuneiform bones — form the arches of the foot which serves as a shock absorber.
The midfoot is connected to the hind- and forefoot by muscles and the plantar fascia
Popularity: 3% [?]
The spinal canal is the space in vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes. Its anterior and posterior boundaries are marked by the ligamentum flavum posteriorly and the posterior longitudinal ligament anteriorly.
The spinal cord is contained within the spinal canal. The borders of the spinal canal are as follows:
Anterior: vertebral body, intervertebral disc, posterior longitudinal ligament
Posterior: laminae, ligamentum flavum
Lateral: pedicles, medial aspect of the facet joints on either side
Popularity: 1% [?]
The Straight leg raise also (also called Lasegue’s sign or Lasegue test) is a test done during the physical examination to determine whether a patient with low back pain has an underlying herniated disc.
Patient lied down on his back on an examination table, the examiner lifts the patient’s leg while the knee is extended. A variation is to lift the leg while the patient is sitting but that reduces the sensitivity of the test.
The test is positive if pain in the sciatic distribution is reproduced between 30 and 70 degrees of flexion of the straight leg.
The test has rported sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 26%
However if raising the opposite leg causes pain (cross straight leg raising), it has sensitivity 29% and specificity 88%.
Popularity: 2% [?]
Sometimes, the patient might have significant psychological motivators for reporting of symptoms. These motivators have been divided into primary and secondary gain.
Secondary gain is an external motivator. If a patient’s disease allows him/her to miss work, gains him/her sympathy, or avoids a jail sentence, these would be examples of secondary gain.
A less well-studied process is tertiary gain, when a third party such as a relative or friend is motivated to gain sympathy or other benefits from the illness of the victim.
Popularity: 1% [?]
Torticollis, or wry neck, is a condition in which the head is tilted toward one side (cervical Lateral flexion), and the chin is elevated and turned toward the opposite side (cervical extension).
Torticollis can be congenital or acquired.
Popularity: 1% [?]
Klippel-Feil Syndrome-Overview and Clinical Presentation 21 seconds ago
Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Orthosis 26 seconds ago Photographs of Acteabular Cup With Cement Removed In Revision Arthroplasty 28 seconds ago
Os Vesalianum 31 seconds ago Bilateral Neck Of Femur Fracture Following Trauma 41 seconds ago
Xray of Fracture of Supracondylar Region Of Humerus In Child 1 minute, 2 seconds ago
Cerebrospinal Fluid 1 minute, 52 seconds ago
Anatomy of Clavicle- The Collar Bone 2 minutes, 14 seconds ago Removal of Plaster Casts 2 minutes, 18 seconds ago
Joints Of The Thorax 2 minutes, 51 seconds ago
Join Discussions