Osteoarthritis of hip is a major problem in Western world. About 10 million Americans reported having been diagnosed with osteoarthritis.
You are more likely to get it if you have a family history of the disease. Congenital or developmental defects like acetabular dysplasia, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, slipped capital epiphysis may be implicated in as may as 80 percent of cases of hip osteoarthritis.
Risk increases with obesity or a previous hip injury.
About twenty percent of patients with osteoarthritis of hip would develop bilateral involvement.
Symptoms
Most common complaint is pain. Pain from hip osteoarthritis is generally referred to the inguinal area but may be referred to the buttock or proximal thigh.
The pain flares on activity and gets better with rest.
Less commonly, hip Osteoarthritis presents as knee pain. Pain can be evoked by putting the involved hip through its range of motion. Flexion may be painless initially, but internal rotation (Rotating the limb so that foot faces inward) will exacerbate pain. Loss of internal rotation occur early, followed by loss of extension, adduction, and flexion due to capsular fibrosis and/or buttressing osteophytes.
When the cartilage wears away completely, bones rub directly against each other.X-ray would show diminished joint space and there may be osteophytes.
Treatment
Osteoarthritis could be progressive and is not reversible. Early nonsurgical treatment may provide relief and slows progression of the disease.
Nonsurgical Treatment
- Rest
- Physical therapy like swimming, water aerobics or cycling
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications
- Weight reduction in case of obesity
- Walk with support such as cane
Surgical Treatment
This is reseved for very advanced disease and consist of hip replacement in most of the cases.
The indications are night pains, hip deformity and severe joint stiffness
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