Congenital scoliosis is the curvature due to the imbalance of growth of the spine caused by the presence of vertebral defects.Congenital scoliosis is the most … [Read More...] about Congenital Scoliosis – Causes and Treatment
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Nonidiopathic Scoliosis – Types and Causes
Idiopathic structural scoliosis is the most common type of scoliosis. Rest of the scoliosis types are grouped under the term nonidiopathic scoliosis.Nonstructural … [Read More...] about Nonidiopathic Scoliosis – Types and Causes
Maffucci Syndrome Features, Diagnosis and Treatment
Maffucci syndrome is a rare disorder is characterized by enchondromas, bone deformities with venous malformations with or without spindle cell hemangiomas.The … [Read More...] about Maffucci Syndrome Features, Diagnosis and Treatment
Atlantoaxial Instability Causes and Treatment
Atlantoaxial instability implies excessive movement between the first cervical vertebra or atlas, and second cervical vertebra or axis.Atlantoaxial joint is formed … [Read More...] about Atlantoaxial Instability Causes and Treatment
Enchondromatosis – Types, Presentation and Differentiation
Enchondromatosis: insights on the different subtypesEnchondromatosis is the presence of multiple enchondromas.Enchondromas are benign, and often asymptomatic … [Read More...] about Enchondromatosis – Types, Presentation and Differentiation
Enchondroma – Features, Sites and Treatment
Enchondroma is a common intramedullary benign neoplasm composed of mature cartilage. It has limited growth potential, and a majority of enchondromas are small, … [Read More...] about Enchondroma – Features, Sites and Treatment
Ganglion Impar Block
The ganglion impar is a sacrococcygeal ganglion, also called ganglion of Wather. It is a retroperitoneal structure located at the level of the sacrococcygeal … [Read More...] about Ganglion Impar Block
Chondroma – Presentation, Types, Diagnosis and Treatment
The term chondroma refers to a benign tumor of cartilage origin. The tumor contains cartilage cells which are similar to normal cartilage cells but contains vessels which … [Read More...] about Chondroma – Presentation, Types, Diagnosis and Treatment
Normal Wrist X-ray
Wrist x-rays are commonly done for wrist injuries and other wrist ailments.Wrist x-rays are only able to tell about the status ofcarpal bones … [Read More...] about Normal Wrist X-ray
Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury or Injury to C3-C7 vertebrae
The term lower cervical spine injury refers to the Injury of the subaxial cervical spine or that is below axis. It includes injuries to C3-C7 vertebra and adjoining … [Read More...] about Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury or Injury to C3-C7 vertebrae
Allen Classification of Cervical Spine Injury
Allen classification of cervical injury is also called mechanistic classification and was given by Allen and associates in 1982.The translation of kinetic energy … [Read More...] about Allen Classification of Cervical Spine Injury
Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification System or SLICS
The Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification (SLIC) system is a classification system for subaxial cervical spine injury.This is one of the recommended … [Read More...] about Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification System or SLICS
Spinal Cord Stimulation- Concept and Use
Spinal cord stimulation or neurostimulati is a pain-relief technique that works by masking the pain signals before they reach the brain by delivering a low-voltage … [Read More...] about Spinal Cord Stimulation- Concept and Use
Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score or TLICS
Thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score or TLICS is a scoring system for thoracolumbar fractures which classifies and provides guidance to the treatment … [Read More...] about Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score or TLICS
Axis or Second Cervical Vertebra [C2]
Axis is the second vertebra of the spine and is also called C2 bone vertebra. It articulates with C1 or atlas vertebra above and C3 vertebra below.The axis is an … [Read More...] about Axis or Second Cervical Vertebra [C2]
Atlas or First Cervical Vertebra [C1]
Atlas is the first cervical vertebra that sits just below the skull. It is also called C1 vertebra. Along with axis, the second vertebra and C7, it falls into the group … [Read More...] about Atlas or First Cervical Vertebra [C1]
Vertebra Prominens or Seventh Cervical Vertebra [C7]
Vertebra prominens is the common name for 7th cervical vertebra or C7, the largest and most inferior vertebra of the cervical region of the spine.It is named because … [Read More...] about Vertebra Prominens or Seventh Cervical Vertebra [C7]
Anatomy of Cauda Equina
The cauda equina is a structure within the lower end of the spinal column of most vertebrates, that consists of nerve roots and rootlets from above[from second lumbar to … [Read More...] about Anatomy of Cauda Equina
Periosteal Chondroma or Juxtacortical Chondroma
Periosteal chondroma is a benign cartilage tumor that develops on the surface of bone under the periosteum. It is also called as juxtacortical chondroma. Chondroma … [Read More...] about Periosteal Chondroma or Juxtacortical Chondroma
Intrathecal Pain Pump Concept, Use and Risks
An intrathecal pain pump is a surgically implanted drug delivery system that sends pain medication directly to the spinal cord. This unique treatment option may be … [Read More...] about Intrathecal Pain Pump Concept, Use and Risks