Doctor! What are foods for healthy bones? What should I eat so that I get strong bones and joints? I received this question in my mail recently. Actually, it is an often asked question. Not only this, some people are interested in superfoods for healthy bones. Well! Before we discuss the foods for healthy bones that make your bones strong, I wish to clarify about superfoods. There are no … [Read More...] about Foods for Healthy Bones- Sources and Requirement
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7 Tips for Faster Fracture Healing
Fractures are very common in modern life. Reported annual occurrence in the US is about 7 million. Fracture healing can take any time between 4-12 weeks depending on the bone injured and the treatment given.Because of inconvenience and adverse effects on daily activities of living, everyone looks for ways of faster fracture healing.But is faster fracture healing feasible? How Do Fractures … [Read More...] about 7 Tips for Faster Fracture Healing
Terry Thomas Sign and Its Significance
Terry Thomas sign is an important sign on wrist x-rays that indicate a type of wrist injury.It refers to an increase in the scapholunate space on an AP radiograph of the wrist or coronal CT scan.The increased distance indicates scapholunate dissociation and often can be associated with rotary subluxation of the scaphoid.The sign is named after well-known British comic Terry … [Read More...] about Terry Thomas Sign and Its Significance
Juxtacortical Tumors or Surface Tumors of Bone
Juxtacortical tumors or surface tumors of bone are neoplasms [abnormal and excessive growth] arising from or just outside the cortex, and are composed of different histologic types.Some of the important juxtacortical tumors arePeriosteal or juxtacortical chondroma Periosteal or juxtacortical chondrosarcomas Periosteal or juxtacortical osteosarcomasJuxtacortical tumors are … [Read More...] about Juxtacortical Tumors or Surface Tumors of Bone
Degenerative Scoliosis or Adult Onset Scoliosis
Degenerative scoliosis is a result of progressive degenerative changes in structural elements of the spine.It also is known as adult-onset scoliosis but is different from curves of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis that adults have.Adult scoliosis is a collective term inclusive of degenerative scoliosis comprising of all spinal deformities in a skeletally mature individual.Technically, … [Read More...] about Degenerative Scoliosis or Adult Onset Scoliosis
Neuromuculsar Scoliosis Causes and Treatment
Neuromuscular scoliosis is a coronal and sagittal plane deformity of the spine in patients with abnormalities of the nervous system or muscles. myoneural pathways of the body.The progression more severe in case of neuromuscular scoliosis and continues into adulthood. The long-term effects of the spinal deformity in patients with neuromuscular conditions can be disabling.Ability to sit and … [Read More...] about Neuromuculsar Scoliosis Causes and Treatment
Congenital Scoliosis – Causes and Treatment
Congenital scoliosis is the curvature due to the imbalance of growth of the spine caused by the presence of vertebral defects.Congenital scoliosis is the most frequent congenital deformity of the spine, the two others being congenital kyphosis and congenital lordosis.The prevalence of congenital scoliosis is estimated at 1-4%. Causes and Associations Most of the cases occur … [Read More...] about Congenital Scoliosis – Causes and Treatment
Nonidiopathic Scoliosis – Types and Causes
Idiopathic structural scoliosis is the most common type of scoliosis. Rest of the scoliosis types are grouped under the term nonidiopathic scoliosis.Nonstructural scoliosis has the lateral curvature but there is no structural abnormality in the spine. The curvature is in response to habit or a disease process like inflammation.Postural scoliosis is a type of structural … [Read More...] about Nonidiopathic Scoliosis – Types and Causes
Maffucci Syndrome Features, Diagnosis and Treatment
Maffucci syndrome is a rare disorder is characterized by enchondromas, bone deformities with venous malformations with or without spindle cell hemangiomas.The condition was first reported by Maffucci in 1881. There is no racial or sexual predilection.It usually manifests early in life, usually around age 4-5 years. About one-fourth of the cases are congenital. But familial inheritance is … [Read More...] about Maffucci Syndrome Features, Diagnosis and Treatment
Atlantoaxial Instability Causes and Treatment
Atlantoaxial instability implies excessive movement between the first cervical vertebra or atlas, and second cervical vertebra or axis.Atlantoaxial joint is formed between these two vertebrae This joint is a kind of transition zone and the instability may occur because of bony or ligamentous instability.The instability can be asymptomatic or cause neck pain and neural symptoms when spinal … [Read More...] about Atlantoaxial Instability Causes and Treatment
Enchondromatosis – Types, Presentation and Differentiation
Enchondromatosis: insights on the different subtypesEnchondromatosis is the presence of multiple enchondromas.Enchondromas are benign, and often asymptomatic lesions of hyaline cartilage in the metaphyses and diaphyses of the short and long tubular bones of the limbs. They are especially common in hands and feet.They are often found as incidental lesions, usually solitary on the … [Read More...] about Enchondromatosis – Types, Presentation and Differentiation
Enchondroma – Features, Sites and Treatment
Enchondroma is a common intramedullary benign neoplasm composed of mature cartilage. It has limited growth potential, and a majority of enchondromas are small, asymptomatic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter. It is a type of chondroma that occurs within the medullary cavity.Enchondroma accounts for 12% to 24% of the benign bone tumor and 3% to 10% of all bone tumors.Though these lesions … [Read More...] about Enchondroma – Features, Sites and Treatment
Ganglion Impar Block
The ganglion impar is a sacrococcygeal ganglion, also called ganglion of Wather. It is a retroperitoneal structure located at the level of the sacrococcygeal junction.It is the final terminus of sympathetic chains formed by the fusion of both the chains.Therefore, the ganglion impar block is used in patients with the pain in pelvic and perineal structures. Relevant AnatomyThe … [Read More...] about Ganglion Impar Block
Chondroma – Presentation, Types, Diagnosis and Treatment
The term chondroma refers to a benign tumor of cartilage origin. The tumor contains cartilage cells which are similar to normal cartilage cells but contains vessels which differentiate it from normal cartilage.Chondromas may arise inside or outside the bone. These tumors are called enchondromas when they occur in the medullary canal of the bone. The one that grows outward from the bone is … [Read More...] about Chondroma – Presentation, Types, Diagnosis and Treatment
Normal Wrist X-ray
Wrist x-rays are commonly done for wrist injuries and other wrist ailments.Wrist x-rays are only able to tell about the status ofcarpal bones radiocarpal joint Carpometacarpal joint Distal radius UlnaIn clinical practice, the common x-ray views of the wrist are posteroanterior and lateral.Oblique radiographs are included to increase sensitivity to carpal, metacarpal, … [Read More...] about Normal Wrist X-ray
Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury or Injury to C3-C7 vertebrae
The term lower cervical spine injury refers to the Injury of the subaxial cervical spine or that is below axis. It includes injuries to C3-C7 vertebra and adjoining structures.Lower cervical spine injuries are very common and are associated with substantial mortality and morbidity.The cervical spine can get injured during motor vehicle accidents or falls.In trauma patients, it should … [Read More...] about Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury or Injury to C3-C7 vertebrae
Allen Classification of Cervical Spine Injury
Allen classification of cervical injury is also called mechanistic classification and was given by Allen and associates in 1982.The translation of kinetic energy into fractures and dislocations is determined by two independent variablesInjury vector Posture of the cervical spine at the time of accidentAllen et al presumed that identical segmental failures could result from injury … [Read More...] about Allen Classification of Cervical Spine Injury
Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification System or SLICS
The Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification (SLIC) system is a classification system for subaxial cervical spine injury.This is one of the recommended classification systems for lower cervical injury.Not only it helps to determine the injury pattern and its severity but also it guides the treatment considerations and prognosis.The classification is similar to TLICS for the … [Read More...] about Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification System or SLICS
Spinal Cord Stimulation- Concept and Use
Spinal cord stimulation or neurostimulati is a pain-relief technique that works by masking the pain signals before they reach the brain by delivering a low-voltage electrical current, by a surgically implanted device, to the spinal cord.The spinal cord stimulation device is the most commonly used implantable neurostimulation technology for management of chronic pain.They can be used for … [Read More...] about Spinal Cord Stimulation- Concept and Use
TLICS- Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score
Thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score or TLICS is a scoring system for thoracolumbar fractures which classifies and provides guidance to the treatment as well.TLICS is based on three major categoriesMorphology of the injury Integrity of the posterior ligamentous complex Neurologic status of the patient.Denis classification of spinal injuries which is based on … [Read More...] about TLICS- Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score