Atypical spinal tuberculosis refers to the presentation of tuberculous disease of spine in a manner that is not usual presentation. The usual presentations of spinal tuberculosis have been discussed in great detail in the following article. Tuberculosis of Spine- Presentation, and Treatment Atypical spinal tuberculosis may involve other parts of the vertebra or it may […]
Metabolic DIsorders Affecting Bone
Cold Abscess Causes, Presentation and Treatment
The term cold abscess refers to an abscess [An Abscess is a collection of liquefied tissue(pus) in the body] where typical signs of abscess [warmth, redness, tenderness,] are absent. The prefix cold indicates that the abscess is not hot because that is the usual case. Thus a cold abscess is not accompanied by the classical […]
Hemarthrosis Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
Hemarthrosis is a medical term for bleeding into the joint cavity. It literally means blood in the joint. Acute hemarthrosis can occur with trauma or as a complication of blood disorders such as hemophilia. The most common joints affected are the knees, ankles, and elbows but other joints can be affected as well. With management, a joint […]
Pyomyositis or Muscle Abscess – Causes and Treatment
Pyomyositis is characterized by suppuration within skeletal muscles, manifesting as single or multiple abscesses. It is also known as tropical pyomyositis as it affects tropical people more commonly. Pyomyositis is common in tropical regions but is rare in temperate climates but showing rise and association with HIV infection or other immunosuppressive conditions, including diabetes mellitus, […]
Infectious Myositis Causes and Treatment
Infectious myositis is an acute, subacute, or chronic infection of skeletal muscle. It was considered a tropical disease once but now seen in temperate climates as well, particularly with the emergence of HIV infection. Viruses, bacteria (including mycobacteria), fungi, and parasites can cause infectious myositis. Infectious myositis has a male predominance and is typically seen […]
Antitubercular Chemotherapy in Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis
Antitubercular chemotherapy is the mainstay of the treatment of osteoarticular tuberculosis. It is complemented by rest, nutritional support and splinting, as necessary. The drugs and regimens are fundamentally similar to those for pulmonary TB. But there is a lack of consensus on the appropriate duration of treatment. Overview of Osteoarticular Tuberculosis The spine is probably […]
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis – Types and Treatment
A person is said to have drug-resistant tuberculosis if the tuberculous bacteria that the person is infected with, will not respond to, and are resistant to, at least one of the main antitubercular drugs. Drug-resistant tuberculosis occurs when bacteria become resistant to the drugs used to treat TB. This means that the drug can no […]
Hydatid Disease of Bone
Hydatid disease of bone is very rare and is often misdiagnosed because of non-specific presentation and radiology. As its management is quite different from other conditions involving the bone, it is important to consider the differential of Hydatid disease of the bone in lucent bone lesions, especially where the echinococcosis is prevalent. Hydatid Disease or […]