Hand and Upper Limb

Congenital Radioulnar Synostosis Presentation and Treatment

In congenital radioulnar synostosis, there is congenital fusion of the proximal ends of the radius and ulna [a bony bridge between the proximal radius and ulna]. This results in the fixation of the forearm in varying degrees of pronation. That means the upper end of both the bones, radius, and ulna are fused, making it […]

Hand Osteoarthritis – Presentation & Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Hand osteoarthritis, like generalized osteoarthritis, is considered a degenerative disease that is caused by the breakdown of cartilage. Cartilage covers the ends of bones in the joint. Hand osteoarthritis results in pain, stiffness, tenderness, and swelling in the affected hand joints. Hand and wrist are formed by multiple small joints that enable complex and fine […]

Elbow Arthrocentesis or Elbow Joint Aspiration

Elbow arthrocentesis refers to puncture of the elbow joint and the aspiration of its synovial fluid. It is used for synovial fluid analysis to aid in diagnosis and also for therapeutic purposes. Analysis of the removed fluid helps to reach at its etiology. Anatomy of Elbow Joint Elbow region is the connecting region between arm […]

Whiplash Injury of Cervical Spine [Strain and Sprain]

The term whiplash injury is used for a neck injury caused by a sudden movement of the head forwards, backwards or sideways. It is a term that describes mechanism of injury as well as the injury per se. It covers both ligament injuries [sprain] and other muscles, tendons, and soft tissue injuries [strain]. The injury […]

Cervical Spine Clearance In Adults and Children

Cervical spine clearance refers to the confirmation of the absence of cervical spine injury in a patient of trauma. It is part of the evaluation of a trauma patient. Cervical injuries are found in about 4 percent of blunt trauma patients. All trauma patients are said to have cervical injury unless proven otherwise. Therefore cervical […]

What is Evidence Based Orthopedics?

Evidence-based orthopedics is the application of principles of evidence-based medicine to the field of orthopedics. Because each of the medical specialty has its own set of challenges and unique applications, therefore, while the core principles remain the same, the methods and the applications must meet the need of each. What is Evidence-Based Medicine and What […]

Clavicle Fracture Diagnosis, Treatment and Complication

Clavicle fracture is often caused by a fall onto an outstretched hand, fall onto the shoulder, a direct blow to the shoulder. Eighty-seven percent get fracture clavicle due to fall onto the shoulder. Direct trauma to clavicle can occur with either blunt or penetrating trauma. Sporting activities that may result in direct trauma to the […]

Orthopedic Splints – Principles, Types and Use

Different types of orthopedics splints are used for management of various musculoskeletal conditions. Orthopedic splints are noncircumferential immobilizers. That means they do not cover the limb they splint circumferentially, unlike cast. Because of being non-circumferential, they can accommodate the swelling that might arise after the injury. In this sense, they are more forgiving and safer […]

Radioscapholunate Arthrodesis – Indications and Procedure

Radioscapholunate arthrodesis is a type of partial arthrodesis of the wrist which preserves some of the motion in the wrist joint. It is based on the observation that most activities of daily living can be accomplished with wrist motion in the range of 10° flexion, 35° extension, 10° radial deviation, and 15° ulnar deviation. Wrist […]