• Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar
  • Skip to footer
  • General Ortho
  • Procedures
  • Spine
  • Upper Limb
  • Lower Limb
  • Pain
  • Trauma
  • Tumors
  • Newsletter/Updates
  • About Us
  • Contact Us

Bone and Spine

Orthopedic health, conditions and treatment

Hand and Upper Limb

Normal Wrist X-ray

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Carpal Bones or Bones of the carpus - wrist

Wrist x-rays are commonly done for wrist injuries and other wrist ailments. Wrist x-rays are only able to tell about the status of carpal bones radiocarpal joint Carpometacarpal joint Distal radius Ulna In clinical practice, the common x-ray views of the wrist are posteroanterior and lateral. Oblique radiographs are included to increase sensitivity to carpal, metacarpal, […]

Filed Under: Hand and Upper Limb

Distal clavicle Osteolysis Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

distal clavicle osteolysis

Distal clavicle osteolysis refers to the process causing resorption of subchondral bone in the distal clavicle [lateral calvicle], often caused by repetitive strain injury and microfracture, and presenting as pain in the acromioclavicular joint. Distal clavicle osteolysis was first described in 1936. Distal clavicle osteolysis is believed to be an underreported and underdiagnosed condition. More […]

Filed Under: Hand and Upper Limb

Humeral Avulsion of Glenohumeral ligament or HAGL

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

coracoacrmial arch

Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament or HAGL refers to avulsion of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) from its humeral insertion. When it is associated with a bony avulsion fracture, it is called as bony humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (BHAGL lesion). Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament is often seen in young men engaged in contact sports […]

Filed Under: Hand and Upper Limb

Axillary Nerve Injury – Causes, Effects and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Axillary nerve injury would affect its supply as shown

Axillary nerve injury can result either from compression of the axillary nerve or traumatic injury resulting from traction, direct trauma or from injections. As deltoid is the muscle that is being supplied along with skin over the deltoid area, the axillary nerve injury causes deltoid muscle paralysis and numbness over the region. Axillary nerve injury is […]

Filed Under: Hand and Upper Limb

Spinal Accessory Nerve Palsy Causes and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

spinal accessory nerve course, PD

Spinal accessory nerve palsy often occurs due to lesions in the neck, most often due to iatrogenic reasons. The nerve is especially vulnerable in the posterior triangle of the neck owing to its long and superficial course in the posterior cervical neck. Iatrogenic spinal accessory nerve injury most commonly occurs following diagnostic lymph node biopsies […]

Filed Under: Hand and Upper Limb

Serratus Anterior Paralysis [Long Thoracic Nerve Palsy]

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Serratus anterior muscle paralysis causes winging of scapula

Serratus anterior paralysis is a condition that characterized by pain, loss of shoulder movement and winging of scapula owing to damage or injury of the long thoracic nerve. This nerve evolves from the roots of neck vertebrae (C5-C7) and supplies to serratus anterior muscle that retains the scapula bone to the chest wall. Long thoracic […]

Filed Under: Hand and Upper Limb

Scapular Winging – Causes, Types and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Medial Winging of Scapula due to Long Thoracic Nerve Palsy

Scapular winging or winged scapula refers to a dysfunction involving the stabilizing muscles of the scapula resulting in imbalance and abnormal motion of the scapula and causing protrusion or prominence of scapula bone. Winging of the scapula is a rare but potentially debilitating condition that can affect the ability to lift, pull, and push heavy […]

Filed Under: Hand and Upper Limb

Scapulothoracic Dissociation – Presentation and Management

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

scapulothoracic dissociation

Scapulothoracic dissociation refers to complete separation of the scapula and the upper extremity from the thoracic attachments. It was defined as a complete disruption of the scapulothoracic articulation with lateral scapular displacement and intact skin by Oereck in 1984 who is credited with its first report. It is also called traumatic forequarter amputation with intact […]

Filed Under: Hand and Upper Limb

Scapular Dyskinesis – Causes, Tests and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

type 3 scapular dyskinesis

Scapular dyskinesis is a term that denotes loss of control of normal scapular motion, physiology or mechanics. It is also called sometimes as scapular dyskinesia but dyskinesis is said to be a better term as dyskinesia is applied to abnormal active movements mediated by neurological factors e.g. tardive dyskinesia. Dyskinesis is a finding in the examination […]

Filed Under: General Ortho, Hand and Upper Limb

Swimmer’s Shoulder Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Swimmer's shoulder

Swimmer’s shoulder is an umbrella term covering a range of painful shoulder in the competitive swimmer lead to a spectrum of overuse injuries seen in the swimmer’s shoulder, the most common of which is rotator cuff tendinitis. Shoulder pain is the most common musculoskeletal complaint in swimming with swimmer’s shoulder. Reports of incidence of disabling shoulder pain […]

Filed Under: Hand and Upper Limb

  • « Go to Previous Page
  • Go to page 1
  • Go to page 2
  • Go to page 3
  • Go to page 4
  • Go to page 5
  • Interim pages omitted …
  • Go to page 12
  • Go to Next Page »

Primary Sidebar

myasthenia gravis

Myasthenia Gravis Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

The term myasthenia gravis has a Latin and Greek origin. It  literally means “grave muscle weakness.” Myasthenia Gravis is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease that results in by varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal  muscles of the body. This weakness increases during periods of activity and improves after periods of rest. Certain muscles such […]

thromboprophylaxis

Thromboprophylaxis in Orthopedic Surgeries

Thromboprophylaxis stands for prophylactic measures to decrease the risk of venous thromboembolism by measures that promote venous outflow from the legs and drugs that reduce thrombosis. Venous thromboembolism which encompasses pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Thromboprophylaxis is the most effective strategy to reduce […]

Patella ligament stabilizers

Patellar Instability – Causes, Presentation and Treatment

Patellar instability or Patellofemoral instability is a frequent cause of symptoms of anterior knee pain and episodes of mechanical instability. It is also called patellar subluxation syndrome. There is a difference between symptoms of instability and patellar dislocation, though the former may cause the latter to happen. The term can denote a sign on physical examination or […]

neurogenic claudication

Neurogenic Claudication – Risks, Pathophysiology and Treatment

Neurogenic claudication, also called pseudoclaudication, is a common symptom of lumbar spinal stenosis due to causing impingement or inflammation of the spinal nerves Claudication refers to an impairment in walking or pain, discomfort, numbness, or tiredness in the legs that occurs during walking or standing and is relieved by rest. The word claudication comes from the Latin claudicare meaning ‘to limp’. Thus, it is […]

Burst Fracture

Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures

Burst fractures are defined as vertebral fracture with the failure of the anterior and middle column. The fractures are unstable as there is involvement of two columns, anterior and middle, out of three columns of the spine. Burst fractures are caused by axial loading with flexion and can be considered as high energy compression fractures […]

Shoulder Arthrodesis

Shoulder Arthrodesis Indications and Procedure

Shoulder arthrodesis is end-stage salvage joint fusion surgery for a joint that has failed, is about to fail or a painful joint that cannot be reconstructed. The term shoulder arthrodesis is used for fusion of the glenohumeral joint. Though the indications for arthrodesis are diminishing, it is still an important method of shoulder management. It […]

electron microscopy structure of osteon

Osteon or Haversian System and Its Significance

The osteon is the basic building block and fundamental functional unit of compact bone. It is also called a Haversian system, named after Clopton Havers, an English physician who worked extensively on the microstructure of the bone. Structurally, osteons are roughly cylindrical structures which are several millimeters long and around 0.2 mm in diameter. Structure […]

Browse Articles

Footer

Pages

  • About
    • Policies
    • Contact Us

Featured Article

Risser Sign and Its Use in Scoliosis

The Risser sign, also called Risser index or Risser classification is a system used to assess and grade skeletal maturity based on the level of … [Read More...] about Risser Sign and Its Use in Scoliosis

Search Articles

© Copyright: BoneAndSpine.com