The knee joint is a modified hinge joint (ginglymus). The knee joint is not a very stable joint. Knee range of motion is through following movements- Flexion Extension Medial rotation Lateral rotation The femur and lateral meniscus move over the tibia during rotation, while the femur rolls and glides over both menisci during extension-flexion. Thus […]
Anatomy
Knee Anatomy and Significance
Knee anatomy involves the anatomy of the knee joint and surrounding structures. The knee joint consists of the lateral femorotibial , medial femorotibial , and femoropatellar joints. It is is the largest and most complex joint of the body. It is a compound synovial joint incorporating two condylar joints between the condyles of the femur […]
Fibula Bone Anatomy
The leg has two bones – tibia and fibula. The fibula is very thin bone compared to the tibia and can be expended except for small length distally. This makes it usable for various orthopedic procedures. The fibula is homologous with the ulna. The fibula is a located on the lateral side of the tibia, […]
Tibia Anatomy and Attachments
Leg is the part of the lower limb between knee and ankle. The osseous framework of the leg is composed of two bones –tibia and fibula. The tibia is a medial and larger of the two bones. The bone is similar to the radius bone of the upper limb. Structure of Tibia Like all bones, […]
Femur Anatomy and Attachments
The femur is also called the thigh bone and is the longest and strongest bone of the body. It is composed of an upper end, a lower end and a shaft. The upper and bears a rounded head, whereas the lower end is widely expanded to from two large condyles. The head is directed medially. The […]
Anatomy of Patella
The patella or kneecap is the sesamoid that lies within the quadriceps tendon/patellar ligament and forms part of the knee joint and is situated in front of the lower end of femur appx 1 cm above the knee joint. If it lies higher, it is called patella alta and if it is lower, it is […]
Popliteal Artery Anatomy and Course
The popliteal artery is the direct continuation of the superficial femoral artery in the popliteal fossa as the vessel courses posteriorly behind the knee. It gives the main branch as the anterior tibial artery and continues as the tibioperoneal or tibiofibular trunk or posterior tibial artery. It supplies knee, lower leg and foot. Course of […]
Endochondral Ossification and Intramembranous Ossification
Endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossifications are two types of ossification, process that results in the formation of bone tissue.
The two types of ossifications differ in the way new bone is formed.
In endochondral ossification, a cartilage is formed as a precursor on which new bone is laid down.
Intramembranous ossification is the direct laying down of bone into the primitive connective tissue (mesenchyme) and there is no intermediate cartilage involved.
Bony Pelvis Anatomy
The pelvic region of the trunk is the lower part of the trunk, between the abdomen and the thighs. It includes the following structures. Bony pelvis or pelvic skeleton is formed by hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx. Anatomy of the pelvis includes anatomy of the bony pelvis and its contents. In this article, we would discuss […]
Hip Bone Anatomy or Pelvic Bone[Ilium-Pubis-Ischium]
Hip bone is also known as innominate bone or pelvic bone and is formed by the fusion of three bones namely ilium, ischium and pubis bones. Hip bone forms part of the pelvis and takes part in hip joint articulation. The term hip bone can create confusion in the mind of the reader. To understand […]