Spine

Thoracic Spine Anatomy

The thoracic spine is also called the dorsal spine and is constituted by the next 12 vertebrae after the cervical spine. These vertebrae are named T1 to T12 (or D1 to D12) from above downwards. If you palpate back of the neck from above downwards in the midline, you would come across a sudden projection […]

Spine Anatomy- Vertebral Column and Other Structures

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Spine anatomy can be understood by dividing the spine into bony and soft tissue components. Spine can be divided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal regions. There are anatomical variations both in skeletal and nonskeletal components in all these regions. Spinal cord and the nerves coming out of spine are the neural tissue contained […]

Base of Thumb Fractures and Their Types

Base of thumb fractures are the extra-articular and intraarticular fractures of base of first metacarpal bone. Thumb is a highly important and efficient digit that makes the human hand highly efficient. An unusable thumb could mean a loss of 40% of hand function. Relevant Anatomy [Read complete hand anatomy] Thumb consists of two phalanges and […]

Meniscofemoral ligaments – Humphery and Wisberg Ligaments

Meniscofemoral ligaments are straight bands of collagen that attach to the posterior horn of lateral meniscus and lateral part of medial femoral condyle. While some consider them one ligament with two bands others consider them as two distinct ligaments. These ligaments are named based on their location in relation to the posterior cruciate ligament. The […]

Proximal Row Carpectomy [Wrist]

Proximal row carpectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removal of bones of proximal row of the wrist namely Scaphoid, lunate, triquetral and in some cases radial styloid. It is a motion-sparing procedure. Proximal row carpectomy converts complex wrist joint to a simple hinge joint creating a radiocarpal articulation and preserves about 60-80% of motion […]

Open Fractures- Features, Classification and Management

Open fractures are fractures where hematoma is in communication with the external environment. An open fracture may have a wound size ranging from a pinprick to complete baring of the bone. Open fractures have been further classified according to their severity and help the treating doctor to plan the treatment and measure the prognosis. Open […]

Kirschner Wire or K-Wire and Its Uses

Kirschner wire or K wire was invented by Martin Kirschner in 1909. They have a great role in the management of orthopedic trauma and correction of deformities. Kirschner wire is also known as K pin. Kirschner wire is sharpened, smooth stainless steel pins available in different diameters and lengths. They are used both in the […]

Suprascapular Neuropathy or Infraspiantus Syndrome

Suprascapular neuropathy or infraspinatus syndrome is a less common cause of shoulder pain, especially in athletes with overhead sports activity. Volleyball, basketball, and tennis are examples of such sports which increase the risk of rotator cuff tendinopathy, injuries to the glenoid labrum and suprascapular neuropathy. The incidence of suprascapular neuropathy appears highest in volleyball players. […]

Mosaicplasty or Osteochondral Graft Transfer System

Mosaicplasty or autologous osteochondral autograft/allograft transfer system or OATS is a single stage resurfacing procedure for focal defects of the femoral condyles, trochlea, patella, proximal and distal tibia, and talus. It may be used for both focal chondral defects as well as cases of osteochondritis dissecans. Indications of Mosaicplasty Ideal lesions are small, focal, full-thickness […]