Laminoplasty is a process of increasing the space available for the spinal cord by reconstruction of the laminar arch via a posterior approach. It is done by hinging or opening the lamina to allow access to the canal and may include augmentation or reconstruction of the spinal canal. Laminectomy is just removal of the lamina […]
Spine disorders
Pars interarticularis Anatomy and Significance
What is Pars Interarticularis? The Pars Interarticularis is a special region of the lamina between the superior and inferior articular processes. The term literally means part between the articulations in Latin language and is kind of bony bridge that joins these two upper and lower facets. Thus one vertebral has two pars interarticularis. Thus facet […]
Degenerative Scoliosis or Adult Onset Scoliosis
Degenerative scoliosis is a result of progressive degenerative changes in structural elements of the spine. It also is known as adult-onset scoliosis but is different from curves of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis that adults have. Adult scoliosis is a collective term inclusive of degenerative scoliosis comprising of all spinal deformities in a skeletally mature individual. Technically, […]
Neuromuscular Scoliosis Causes and Treatment
Neuromuscular scoliosis is a coronal and sagittal plane deformity of the spine in patients with abnormalities of the nervous system or muscles i.e. myoneural pathways of the body. The progression more severe in case of neuromuscular scoliosis and continues into adulthood. The long-term effects of the spinal deformity in patients with neuromuscular conditions can be […]
Congenital Scoliosis – Causes and Treatment
Congenital scoliosis is the curvature due to the imbalance of growth of the spine caused by the presence of vertebral defects. Congenital scoliosis is the most frequent congenital deformity of the spine, the two others being congenital kyphosis and congenital lordosis. The prevalence of congenital scoliosis is estimated at 1-4%. Causes and Associations Most of […]
Atlantoaxial Instability Causes and Treatment
Atlantoaxial instability implies excessive movement between the first cervical vertebra or atlas, and second cervical vertebra or axis. Atlantoaxial joint is formed between these two vertebrae This joint is a kind of transition zone and the instability may occur because of bony or ligamentous instability. The instability can be asymptomatic or cause neck pain and […]
Lower Cervical Spine Injury [Injury to C3-C7 Vertebrae]
The term lower cervical spine injury refers to the Injury of the subaxial cervical spine or that is below axis. It includes injuries to C3-C7 vertebra and adjoining structures. Lower cervical spine injuries are common and are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. The cervical spine can get injured during motor vehicle accidents or falls. […]
Allen Classification of Cervical Spine Injury
Allen classification of cervical injury is also called mechanistic classification and was given by Allen and associates in 1982. The translation of kinetic energy into fractures and dislocations is determined by two independent variables Injury vector Posture of the cervical spine at the time of accident Allen et al presumed that identical segmental failures could […]