Radiographs are also called or roentgenographs named after the discoverer of X-rays, Wilhelm Röntgen. Radiographs are produced by transmitting X-rays through a patient. Rontgen discovered X-rays in 1895 and received the first Nobel Prize in Physics for their discovery in 1901. In the conventional film-screen radiography, an X-ray machine tube generates a beam of X-rays, aimed […]
Trauma
Principles of Treatment of Fractures
It is a dictum in orthopedics that no two fractures are alike. Every fracture behaves differently from other. In the same part fractured, there could be different types of treatment depending on many factors other than fracture geometry. Treatment of fractures takes various things into consideration -age of the patient, fracture pattern, type of bone […]
Open Fractures – Features, Classification and Management
Open fractures are fractures where hematoma is in communication with the external environment. An open fracture may have a wound size ranging from a pinprick to complete baring of the bone. Open fractures have been further classified according to their severity and help the treating doctor to plan the treatment and measure the prognosis. Open […]
Injury Severity Score
Injury Severity Score is based on Abbreviated Injury Scale and is used in the assessment of injury in adults an children both. It along with pediatric trauma score are quite reliable in predicting injury measure in children. Abbreviated Injury Scale is an anatomical scoring system where injuries are ranked on a scale of 1 to […]
Pediatric Trauma Score
Pediatric trauma score is a score used in pediatric injuries to gauge vulnerability of the injured child to traumatic injury. The score uses the following parameters Weight of the child Airway status Systolic BP Consciousness Level Type of fractures Type of Wound Following table shows how to calculate the score for each parameter- Score […]
Injured and Alone – What To Do?
Being injured and alone is one of the most frightening situations as the person is unable to reach anyone for help. while it may be frightening, it is not uncommon. Remember the movie 127 hours!! Frightening. isn’t it? Patients of trauma fall into minor injuries or major injuries. A person with major injuries can be […]
Sauve Kapandji Procedure
Sauve Kapandji procedure is a procedure which involves removal of about 10 mm of ulna proximal to distal radio ulnar joint and fixing the distal fragment of ulna to radius by means of screw. Sauve Kapandji procedure aims at creating a new joint at the level where ulna is cut and serves two purposes. First […]
Darrach Procedure
Darrach procedure is removal of distal ulna. It was first performed by Darrach in 1911 in New York City. Darrach Procedure is done for- For relief of pain following distal RU disruption and/or RU arthritis; For symptomatic malunion of Colle fracture in elderly patients, especially when stiffness is present Darrach procedure is generally performed on […]
Bed Sores or Pressure Ulcers
Bed sores, also known as decubitus ulcers, are localized injuries to the skin and underlying tissue that usually occur over a bony prominence as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear and/or friction in the areas with partial or complete blood flow obstruction. Sacrum, coccyx, heels or the hips, are most common […]
Nonunion, Delayed Union and Malunion
Nonunion of fracture is a delayed complication of fracture. Literally, it means the absence of a union. But by definition, a bone can be labeled as in nonunion only when the union has not occurred in the bone even after a passage of sufficient time [in which the bone normally would have united]. Fractures of […]