Tumors

Types of Surgical resection of the musculoskeletal tumors depend on the stage of the tumor and the type of surgical margin dictated by the histological grade which is required for the definitive local control. There are a number of modifying circumstances to be considered before the decision for surgery is made, e.g. the patient’ s age wishes […]

Bone tumors can be benign or malignant. Following are some images and x-rays of  soft tissue and bone tumors. The images are of both benign and malignant tumors. Image 1 – Xray of Fibrous Dysplasia of Humerus Fibrous dysplasia is a benign tumor of the bone and can involve more than one bone. Following image […]

Osteopoikilosis is a  benign, autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia that manifests radiographically as multiple bone islands which are especially seen near the joints, epiphyses, metaphyses of long and short tubular bones. The condition is also known as the spotted bone. The islands are also seen in in the pelvis and scapulae. The distribution is typically bilateral […]

A bone island or enostosis is a common benign bone lesion. It is asymptomatic and does not require treatment. It is usually seen as an incidental finding on x-ray, computed tomogram and MRI. A bone island is a focus of mature cortical bone within the cancellous bone.  Pelvis, femur, and other long bones are the […]

A metastatic bone disease is said to occur when metastases spread to the bone. After lung and liver, bone is considered to be the third most common organ involved by metastases. In breast cancer, the bone is the second most common site for metastases. Metastases in bone need early detection and aggressive management. Aims of […]

The term metastasis refers to the spread of the cancer cells from their original or primary site to a different location in the body. It must be stressed that local invasive growth is not considered metastases but local spread or expansion of the tumor. Thus metastasis is the process by which cancer cells migrate throughout […]

Osteochondroma is a cartilage-capped bony projection on the external surface of a bone and is considered a non-neoplastic anomaly similar to hamartoma. It can occur as a  solitary lesion or as multiple hereditary exostoses associated with anomalies of skeletal modeling. Solitary osteochondroma is a developmental anomaly of bone that results in the formation of an […]

Osteoid osteoma is a benign [non-cancerous] osteoblastic tumor. It was first described by Bergstrand 1930 but its unique identity was recognized by Jaffe in 1935. Osteoid osteoma consists of osteoblastic [growing cells] mass called a nidus [very rich in blood supply]. Nidus is surrounded by a zone of sclerotic but otherwise normal bone. It is a […]