Rolando fracture is a three-part intraarticular fracture-dislocation of the base of the thumb. This is an unstable injury that requires surgical reduction and fixation. It is named after Silvio Rolando, an Italian surgeon who described it first. Relevant Anatomy, Mechanism of Injury and Pathophysiology The carpometacarpal joint is between the base of thumb and trapezium […]
Hand and Upper Limb
Bennett Fracture Causes, Presentation and Treatment
Bennett fracture is an intraarticular fracture involving the base of the thumb and leading to a subluxation of the carpometacarpal joint. It was described initially by Edward Hallaran Bennett in the late nineteenth century. The fracture is inherently unstable and requires adequate reduction and immobilization or fixation. Carpometacarpal joint is critical for pinching and opposition […]
Base of Thumb Fractures and Their Types
Base of thumb fractures are the extra-articular and intraarticular fractures of base of first metacarpal bone. Thumb is a highly important and efficient digit that makes the human hand highly efficient. An unusable thumb could mean a loss of 40% of hand function. Relevant Anatomy [Read complete hand anatomy] Thumb consists of two phalanges and […]
Thumb Injuries Types, Presentation and Treatment
Thumb injuries or fractures and dislocations are one of the common hand injuries. The term thumb injury includes all the injuries from the carpometacarpal joint to the tip of the thumb. There are various types of thumb injuries that come under fractures and dislocations of thumb. Nailbed and fingertip injuries are discussed separately. Thumb is […]
Skier’s thumb – Causes, Symptoms and Teatment
Terms Skier’s thumb and Gamekeeper’s thumb are used for injuries to the ulnar collateral ligament of first metacarpal joint. While Gamekeeper’s thumb was the older term, Skier’s thumb is used more commonly. Ulnar collateral ligament injury of the metacarpal joint was found earlier in people of Europe who wrung the neck of the game like […]
Jersey Finger – Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
Jersey finger refers to the avulsion of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon off of its insertion at the volar aspect of the distal phalanx due to forced hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint. It is a type of zone I tendon injury. It is also called a sweater finger or rugby finger and typically occurs […]
Jammed Finger Causes, Symptoms and Remedy
A jammed finger is a popularly used term that refers to injuries around the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers. The term is not specific to a single injury but rather describes a group of injuries that are related to varying degrees of loading across the proximal interphalangeal joint due to jamming of the finger […]
Martin Gruber Anastomosis and Its Significance
Martin Gruber Anastomosis is the anatomic variant of ulnar nerve innervation where there is an anomalous pattern of innervation occurring between the median and ulnar nerves in the forearm. The crossover usually occurs between axons from the anterior interosseous nerve to the ulnar nerve in the forearm. Rarely, the crossover can occur between the main […]
Ulnar Neuropathy [Compressive] – Causes and Treatment
Ulnar neuropathy refers to compression of the ulnar nerve, a continuation of the medial cord of the brachial plexus and a mixed nerve that supplies muscles of the forearm, and skin over medial part of hand and digits. Ulnar neuropathy is the second most common entrapment neuropathy of the upper limb. There are various sites […]
Mallet Finger Injury Presentation and Treatment
Mallet finger is a finger deformity caused by disruption of the extensor tendon mechanism distal to the distal interphalangeal joint caused by a bony or tendon injury It is a common injury and occurs as a workplace injury or in sports. It commonly occurs in young to middle-aged males. It is also seen in older […]