Metabolic DIsorders Affecting Bone

Myasthenia Gravis is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease that results in varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal muscles of the body. It is a type-II hypersensitivity immune reaction. The term myasthenia gravis has a Latin and Greek origin. It literally means “grave muscle weakness.” This weakness increases during periods of activity and improves after […]

Erythromelalgia is a rare disorder characterized by burning pain, warmth, and redness of the hands, feet, arms and legs. The condition was described by Silas Weir Mitchell in 1872. Another scientist from Germany, Gerhardt also described the same disease. The disease had also been known by the names of their discoverers as Mitchell disease or […]

Chondrocalcinosis means the streaking of articular cartilage with calcium. It is also used as a synonym for calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease because the finding of chondrocalcinosis has been mostly associated with calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, a disease that is caused by the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals. In fact, chondrocalcinosis articularis was an early […]

Neurogenic shock is a shock caused by autonomic dysregulation, mostly caused by spinal injuries resulting in loss of sympathetic tone and leading to low blood pressure, low heart rate and peripheral vasodilatation.

Osteochondritis dissecans is a condition in which a small segment of articular cartilage with its underlying subchondral bone gradually separates from the surrounding osteocartilaginous tissue due to a lack of blood supply. Osteochondritis dissecans develops in joints of children and adolescents. The separation of the fragment may be partial or complete. The osteochondral segment may […]

Hemophilic arthropathy refers to the changes in joints caused by recurrent bleeding into joint due to a bleeding disorder called hemophilia. Hemophilia is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormality of the coagulation mechanism due to functional deficiency of a specific blood factor, namely VIII or IX. The estimated incidence is between 0.8-1 per 10,000 male […]

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory, seronegative arthritis that develops in about 5% of the people who have psoriasis. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disorder that mainly affects skin leading to a characteristic rash. About half of the patients of psoriatic arthritis have often human leukocyte antigen HLA B27 associated spondyloarthropathy. Psoriatic arthritis is considered as […]

Calcium hydroxyapatite deposition disease is a condition where there is a deposition of calcium phosphate crystals, mainly hydroxyapatite in the soft tissues around the joint. The depositions occur, especially in tendons. The condition is commonly known as calcific tendinitis and seen when the deposition involves supraspinatus tendon. But the deposits also occur in structures other […]